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Check it out →MRKL Systems1 (Modular Reasoning, Knowledge and Language, pronounced "miracle") are a neuro-symbolic architecture that combine LLMs (neural computation) and external tools like calculators (symbolic computation), to solve complex problems.
A MRKL system is composed of a set of modules (e.g. a calculator, weather API, database, etc.) and a router that decides how to 'route' incoming natural language queries to the appropriate module.
A simple example of a MRKL system is a LLM that can
use a calculator app. This is a single module system, where the LLM is the router.
When asked, What is 100*100?
, the LLM can choose to
extract the numbers from the prompt, and then tell the MRKL System to use a calculator
app to compute the result. This might look like the following:
What is 100*100?
CALCULATOR[100*100]
The MRKL system would see the word CALCULATOR
and plug 100*100
into the calculator app.
This simple idea can easily be expanded to various symbolic computing tools.
Consider the following additional examples of applications:
What is the price of Apple stock right now?
The current price is DATABASE[SELECT price FROM stock WHERE company = "Apple" AND time = "now"].
What is the weather like in New York?
The weather is WEATHER_API[New York].
I have reproduced an example MRKL System from the original paper, using Dust.tt,
linked here.
The system reads a math problem (e.g. What is 20 times 5^6?
), extracts the numbers and the operations,
and reformats them for a calculator app (e.g. 20*5^6
). It then sends the reformatted equation
to Google's calculator app, and returns the result. Note that the original paper performs prompt tuning on the router (the LLM), but I do not in this example. Let's walk through how this works:
First, I made a simple dataset in the Dust Datasets
tab.
Then, I switched to the Specification
tab and loaded the dataset using an input
block.
Next, I created a llm
block that extracts the numbers and operations. Notice how
in the prompt I told it we would be using Google's calculator. The model I use (GPT-3)
likely has some knowledge of Google's calculator from pretraining.
Then, I made a code
block, which runs some simple javascript code to remove
spaces from the completion.
Finally, I made a search
block that sends the reformatted equation to Google's calculator.
Below we can see the final results, which are all correct!
Feel free to clone and experiment with this playground here.
MRKL was developed by AI21 and originally used their J-1 (Jurassic 1)2 LLM.
See this example of a MRKL System built with LangChain.
Karpas, E., Abend, O., Belinkov, Y., Lenz, B., Lieber, O., Ratner, N., Shoham, Y., Bata, H., Levine, Y., Leyton-Brown, K., Muhlgay, D., Rozen, N., Schwartz, E., Shachaf, G., Shalev-Shwartz, S., Shashua, A., & Tenenholtz, M. (2022). ↩
Lieber, O., Sharir, O., Lentz, B., & Shoham, Y. (2021). Jurassic-1: Technical Details and Evaluation, White paper, AI21 Labs, 2021. URL: Https://Uploads-Ssl. Webflow. Com/60fd4503684b466578c0d307/61138924626a6981ee09caf6_jurassic_ Tech_paper. Pdf. ↩